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Objective To study the expression of caudal related homeodomain transcription 2 ( CDX2 ) protein in human colon cancer , and study the relationship between protein expression and colon cancer metasta -sis.Methods With immunohistochemical technique in peroxidase notation , pathological specimens of 80 cases of colon cancer were selected , including 47 cases of distal metastasis , and 33 cases without cancer metastasis . CDX2 protein expression in cancer tissue and the related data were statistically analyzed .Results Patients'sex, age and location of colon tumors had no statistical relation with CDX 2 protein expression(P>0.05).CDX2 pro-tein was statistically different in well-differentiated(100.00%), moderately-differentiated(80.00%), and poor-ly-differentiated(33.33%) tumor tissues.The difference had statistical significance (P<0.05), The expression of CDX2 protein reduced with the reduction in the degree of colorectal adenocarcinoma differentiation , rs =0.217, indicating that CDX2 protein expression was positively correlated with the malignant degree of colon canc -er.Positive CDX2 protein expression was significantly lower in metastatic colon cancer tissues (72.3%) than in non-metastatic tissues ( 90.9%) , and the difference had statistical significance .Lymph node metastasis could down regulate CDX2 protein expression in colorectal cancer .Conclusion CDX2 protein is positively correlated with the differentiation degree of colon cancer and distal metastasis can down regulate CDX 2 protein expression .
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Objective To analyze the complications after procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids (PPH) in treating severe mucocutaneous hemorrhoids.Methods The clinical data of 550 patients with severe mucocutaneous hemorrhoids who were admitted to the Hangzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2005 to December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.All the patients were treated by PPH or PPH + external hemorrhoids resection.The postoperative complications were recorded and assessed.Patients were followed up via outpatient examination and telephone interview till June 2014.Results Operation was successfully carried out on all the 550 patients.The operation time and duration of hospital stay were (15 ± 10)minutes and (4.2 ± 1.8)days,respectively.A total of 445 patients were followed up for 6-60 months,with the median time of 28 months.The overall incidence of complications was 14.61％ (65/445).Forty-five patients were complicated with anal pain,12 with hemorrhoid recurrence,7 with bleeding,5 with dysporia,4 with anastomotic stenosis and 2 with rectal and perianal infection.Of the 12 patients with hemorrhoids recurrence,5 was alleviated by medication and 7 received PPH for the second time.Of the 4 patients with anastomotic stricture,the condition of 2 patients were alleviated by anus dilatation,and the condition of 1 patient was alleviated by balloon dilatation under enteroscope,1 patient received circular incision of the stricture because of severe stricture and failed of conservative treatment.Of the 2 patients with rectal and perianal infection,1 was alleviated by intravenous and local medication,and the other patient who was complicated with anal fistula was alleviated by surgery.The condition of other patients was improved after symptomatic treatment.Conclusions PPH is effective and safe for the treatment of severe mucocutaneous hemorrhoids.The main complication is anal pain,and it could be cured or alleviated by symptomatic treatment.
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Objective To investigate the effect of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) on proliferation and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and the possible mechanism involved.Methods The HSC was isolated by optiprep method.Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay was used to detect the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.The effect of invasion was measured with transwell assay.Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) were detected by Western blotting.Results HSC was isolated and cultured successfully.HSC promoted the proliferation and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells (proliferation:0.571 ±0.024 vs 0.803 ±0.048,1.271 ±0.044,1.973 ±0.036; invasion:25.2 ± 1.9 vs 35.8 ±3.3,44.4 ±2.7,53.9 ±3.6) (P ＜0.05).MMP-2 (1.32 ±0.22 vs 2.46 ±0.39) and NF-κB(0.85 ±0.09 vs 1.44 ±0.21) were increased obviously in hepatocellular carcinoma cells stimulated by HSC.Conclusions HSC can promote the proliferation and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.The mechanism might be related to up-regulation of the expressions of MMP-2 and NF-κB.
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Objective To investigate the mechanism of acute inflammatory response and tissue repair when rats accepted transplanted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).Methods A total of 40 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups which included the normal group (n=10),the model severe acute pancreatitis group (n=10),the transplanted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells group (n =10),and the combination of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) group (n=10).To cure the acute severe pancreatic injury caused by SAP,rats were injected with EDU-labeled MSCs and granulocyte colonystimulating factor (Gr-CSF).The conversion rate of MSCs to pancreatic cells or MSCs to endothelial cells was detected to assess the role of MSCs in tissue regeneration and repair.The expression of amylase,interleukin-6 (IL-6),and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in serum was detected to assess the role of MSCs in an acute inflammatory response.Results The concentrations of amylase and IL-6 were reduced and the concentration of IL-10 was increased in MSC and MSC+G-CSF groups after the onset of SAP.Flow cytometry showed a small amount of MSCs converting to endothelial or pancreatic cells,but the conversion rate was relatively low.Conclusions MSCs can play an important role in the antipre-release of inflammatory mediators,reducing acute immune response to control the acute inflammatory response in SAP.Moreover,MSCs can repair a damaged pancreas by converting into both pancreatic and endothelial cells.
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Objective To investigate effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in rats.Methods A total of 60 rats were randomly divided into normal group (n =10),the model of SAP group (n =10),the transplantation of the MSC group (n =20),the combination of the MSC and the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) group (n =20).The conversion rate of MSC was detected by using immunofluorescence methods,and the level of amylase in serum was assayed by using biochemical methods.Simultaneously,the level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in serum was determined by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results The conversion rates of the MSC increased,and consequently,the levels of amylases and interleukin-6 in serum were reduced (P ＜ 0.05).When a small amount of the G-CSF was added to MSC,the therapeutic effects of the two different kinds of cells were synergistically strengthened.In the contrary,when a large number of the G-CSF was added to MSC,the antagonism resulted between these two different kinds of cells gives rise to harmful effects on SAP.Conclusions The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have therapeutic effects on SAP.When the number of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells increases,the protective effects are enhanced.
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Objective To explore the use and advantages of the Hem-o-lok ligating clip in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Methods A 3-port approach laparoscopic cholecystectomy by applying the Hem-o-lok ligating clip was performed in 288 patients with cholecystolithiasis or cholecystic polypoid lesion. Results All the operations were successfully fulfilled, without conversions to open surgery. A middle-to-large sized clip was used in 264 patients (92%), who almost had no painful feeling in the xiphoid process incision and had a mean postoperative hospital stay of 2.7 days(1~3 days). A large sized clip was successfully utilized in 24 patients because of the difficulty encountered during the ligation using the middle-to-large sized clip. No hemorrhage, biliary leakage, or bile duct injuries happened. Conclusions Laparoscopic cholecystectomy using the middle-to-large sized ~Hem-o -lok ligating clip and other routine laparoscopic devices can minimize the xiphoid process incision as short as 5 mm.